Longitudinal data analysis is an essential statistical approach for studying phenomena observed repeatedly over time, allowing researchers to explore both within-subject and between-subject variations ...

Bayesian analysis offers a robust framework for deciphering the intricate dynamics of time series data. By treating unknown parameters as random variables, this approach incorporates prior information ...

We review Bayesian and Bayesian decision theoretic approaches to subgroup analysis and applications to subgroup-based adaptive clinical trial designs. Subgroup analysis refers to inference about ...