Among all the Arduino boards, the Uno is most folks' go-to choice, and for good reason. It's the perfect platform to get started with Arduino, it's capable enough to handle a wide range of tasks, and ...

The creative adventures with ATtiny series microcontroller are awesome if you know how to play them. ATtinys — especially the ATtiny85s — are all around us, and by using one, we can shrink the size of ...

Most projects are built on abstractions. After all, few of us can create our own wire, our own transistors, or our own integrated circuits. A few months ago, [Julian Ilett] found a problem using the ...

What Are PID Controllers? PID control is the most commonly used control algorithm, used extensively in industrial, process, and commercial applications and has been universally accepted as the easiest ...

This book is about using both the Raspberry Pi 4 and the Arduino Uno in PID-based automatic control applications. The book starts with basic theory of the control systems and feedback control. Working ...

I have been discussing control algorithms for a power supply and idly looking for some easy hardware on which to try the technique – hardware small enough to build into a prototype. See also: An AVR ...

…which would take a pulse-width-modulated waveform at any frequency, and produce a signal with exactly the same mark/space ratio, but at a nominated frequency (see ‘Why might this be useful?’ below).

There was a time when having a blinking blue LED on a project was all you needed to be one of the cool kids. But now you need something more complex. LEDs should not just snap on, they should fade in ...

In the last installment, we were halfway through the compensator design for a buck converter. As a quick recap, when designing digital compensators, the true system gain is different from the derived ...